Perhaps this is due to the stereotype that female sexuality is “too complex” or that lesbians are rarer than gay men. In fact there are more pressing problems that I would like to see addressed, such as the inadequate research on female sexuality. But scientific techniques will eventually catch up. In other words, lots of genes which do influence sexual orientation may fall under the radar. But each of these genes has a small effect on the trait so do not reach traditional levels of statistical significance. For example, complex psychological traits have many causal genes (not simply “a gay gene”). Gene finding efforts have issues, as Copland argues, but these are technical and not catastrophic errors in the science. This latest research overcomes the problems of three prior studies which did not find the same results. Three gene finding studies showed that gay brothers share genetic markers on the X chromosome the most recent study also found shared markers on chromosome 8. Twin studies are a first look into the genetics of a trait and tell us that there are such things as “genes for sexual orientation” (I hate the phrase “gay gene”). Evidence from independent research groups who studied twins shows that genetic factors explain about 25-30% of the differences between people in sexual orientation (heterosexual, gay, lesbian, and bisexual).
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Let’s get some facts and perspective on the issue. I would argue that understanding our fundamental biological nature should make us more vigorous in promoting LGB rights. Finding evidence for a biological basis should not scare us or undermine gay, lesbian and bisexual (LGB) rights (the studies I refer to do not include transgendered individuals, so I’ll confine my comments to lesbian, gay and bisexual people). It points strongly to a biological origin for our sexualities.
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I n a recent Guardian article, Simon Copland argued that it is very unlikely people are born gay (or presumably any other sexual orientation).